What are the sign and symptoms of allergies?
| Common symptoms of allergy |
| Affected organ |
Symptom |
| Nose |
Swelling of the nasal mucosa (allergic rhinitis) |
| Sinuses |
Allergic sinusitis |
| Eyes |
Redness and itching of the conjunctiva (allergic conjunctivitis) |
| Airways |
Sneezing, coughing, bronchoconstriction, wheezing and dyspnoea,
sometimes outright attacks of Asthma, in severe cases the airway
constricts due to swelling known as angioedema |
| Ears |
Feeling of fullness, possibly pain, and impaired hearing due to the
lack of Eustachian tube drainage. |
| Skin |
Rashes, such as eczema and hives (urticaria) |
| Gastrointestinal tract |
Abdominal pain, bloating, vomiting, Diarrhoea |
Many allergens such as dust or pollen are airborne particles. In these
cases, symptoms arise in areas in contact with air, such as eyes, nose and
lungs. For instance, allergic rhinitis, also known as Hay fever, causes
irritation of the nose, sneezing, and itching and redness of the eyes.
Inhaled allergens can also lead to Asthmatic symptoms, caused by narrowing
of the airways (bronchoconstriction) and increased production of mucus in
the lungs, shortness of breath (dyspnea), coughing and wheezing.
Symptoms of food allergy include abdominal pain, bloating, vomiting,
diarrhea, itchy skin, and swelling of the skin during hives. Food allergies
rarely cause respiratory (Asthmatic) reactions, or rhinitis.
Insect stings, antibiotics, and certain medicines produce a systemic
allergic response that is also called anaphylaxis; multiple organ systems
can be affected, including the digestive system, the respiratory system, and
the circulatory system. Depending of the rate of severity, it can cause
cutaneous reactions, bronchoconstriction, edema, hypotension, coma, and even
death. This type of reaction can be triggered suddenly, or the onset can be
delayed. The nature of anaphylaxis is such that the reaction can seem to be
subsiding, but may recur throughout a prolonged period of time.
Substances that come into contact with the skin, such as latex, are also
common causes of allergic reactions, known as contact dermatitis or eczema.
Skin allergies frequently cause rashes, or swelling and inflammation within
the skin, in what is known as a "wheal and flare" reaction
characteristic of hives and angioedema.